MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a type of non-coding RNA that plays a crucial role in gene regulation. The majority of miRNAs are transcribed from DNA sequences as primary miRNAs, which are then converted into precursor miRNAs and mature miRNAs. MiRNAs bind to the 3′ untranslated region (3′ UTR) of target mRNAs in most cases, causing mRNA degradation and translational repression. However, interactions between miRNAs and other regions have been documented, including the 5′ UTR, coding sequence, and gene promoters. Furthermore, under some circumstances, miRNAs have been shown to cause gene expression. MiRNAs are thought to be shuttled between various subcellular compartments to regulate the rate of translation and even transcription, according to recent research. The interaction of miRNAs with their target genes is complex and depends on a number of factors, including miRNA subcellular position, miRNA and target mRNA abundance, and miRNA-mRNA interaction affinity. MiRNAs can be secreted into extracellular fluids and transported to target cells through vesicles like exosomes or proteins like Argonautes. The guide strand and AGO make up the miRNA-induced silencing complex (miRISC) (46). The interaction of miRISC with complementary sequences on target mRNA, known as miRNA response elements, gives it target specificity (MREs). AGO2-dependent slicing of target mRNA or miRISC-mediated translational inhibition and target mRNA decay are determined by the degree of MRE complementarity. The majority of miRNA:MRE interactions in animal cells are not completely complementary (50). AGO2 endonuclease activity is hindered by the presence of at least central mismatches in most MREs to their guide miRNA. As a result, like the non-endonucleolytic AGO family members, AGO2 functions as an RNA interference media. The interaction of miRNA abundance/localization, cell type, cell state, and miRNA-mediated regulation is still being studied extensively. The Functional Annotation of the Mammalian Genome (FANTOM5) consortium recently discovered that the top five expressed miRNAs constitute on average 50% of the total miRNA pool for any given human cell type. Those who are interested to submit their manuscript in our journal for publication, the can submit it either online through given link: https://www.longdom.org/submissions/clinical-chemistry-laboratory-medicine.html or send it to us as an email attachment to below given mail id.

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Journal of Clinical chemistry and Laboratory Medicine

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